Massive stars end
The
evolution of a massive star is very different. Mass of these
stars is about 10 times then Sun's mass.
Gravity attraction become enormous and star produces element
until iron by the nuclear fusion process because the higher
temperature. Star, then, becomes a red super-giant and it is as
large as entire solar system.
But iron can't be merged because it absorbs energy. Nuclear fusion processes chain breaks. In the nucleus of red super-giants temperature is about 1.000.000.000 °C.
Problem is that there isn't an emission of energy to contrast gravity and so density raise up. When star has full iron nucleus gravity compresses it and the star explodes like supernova giving out all the elements that it's produced. In this moment star is a matter creator. Elements given out in the space makes supernova residue.
Supernova residue
After explosion there can be different objects by the mass.
If the mass is between 1,4 and 3,4 solar mass then remain is neutron star or pulsar. In a pulsar atoms doesn't exists but proton and electron crushing theirself making neutrons. Neutrons contrast gravity attraction.
If the mass is higher 3,4 solar mass then remain can be a black hole, a gravity force's object is as strongly as light can't go out in the space. This example can understand you:
If we
would escape from the earth (like satellites), then we might
exceed a critic velocity.
This velocity on the earth is about 11 kilometers/second.
On Jupiter is greater then on earth because Jupiter's mass is
greater then Earth's mass.
Now, we know, light velocity is 300.000 km/sec and it isn't
infinite. In some cases if gravity is so strong then escape
velocity is higher then 300.000 km/sec and light can't escape out
of the star and fall off. This is a black hole.
We can't see directly black holes but we prove their existance by gravitational effects on the other corps. An ipotetic planets or star around black hole rounds like a planets around the Sun. Moreover matter that fall off on the black holes raises its temperature and so it give out X-ray for the very high temperature.
There is a limit when the light can escape from the massive object (black hole) and it is called "events horizon". Can nature create this monster that eats all matter? And so where does the matter go over the black hole ? We don't know and fisicians don't know.. By Stephen Hawkinh this monster can die and if they die where do they carry all that they eaten ?
