Informazioni sulla Nuova Zelanda (Fonte: CIA -- The World Factbook 1999) |
[Top] Location: Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia Geographic coordinates: 41 00 S, 174 00 E Map references: Oceania Area: Areacomparative: about the size of Colorado Land boundaries: 0 km Coastline: 15,134 km Maritime claims: Climate: temperate with sharp regional contrasts Terrain: predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains Elevation extremes:
Natural resources: natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone Land use: Irrigated land: 2,850 sq km (1993 est.) Natural hazards: earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity Environmentcurrent issues: deforestation; soil erosion; native flora and fauna hard-hit by species introduced from outside Environmentinternational
agreements: Geographynote: about 80% of the population lives in cities |
[Top] Population: 3,662,265 (July 1999 est.) Age structure: Population growth rate: 0.99% (1999 est.) Birth rate: 14.42 births/1,000 population (1999 est.) Death rate: 7.53 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.) Net migration rate: 3.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999 est.) Sex ratio: Infant mortality rate: 6.22 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.) Life expectancy at
birth: Total fertility rate: 1.85 children born/woman (1999 est.) Nationality: Ethnic groups: New Zealand European 74.5%, Maori 9.7%, other European 4.6%, Pacific Islander 3.8%, Asian and others 7.4% Religions: Anglican 24%, Presbyterian 18%, Roman Catholic 15%, Methodist 5%, Baptist 2%, other Protestant 3%, unspecified or none 33% (1986) Languages: English (official), Maori Literacy: |
[Top] Country name: Data code: NZ Government type: parliamentary democracy Capital: Wellington Administrative
divisions: 93 counties, 9 districts*, and 3 town
districts**; Akaroa, Amuri, Ashburton, Bay of Islands,
Bruce, Buller, Chatham Islands, Cheviot, Clifton, Clutha,
Cook, Dannevirke, Egmont, Eketahuna, Ellesmere, Eltham,
Eyre, Featherston, Franklin, Golden Bay, Great Barrier
Island, Grey, Hauraki Plains, Hawera*, Hawke's Bay,
Heathcote, Hikurangi**, Hobson, Hokianga, Horowhenua,
Hurunui, Hutt, Inangahua, Inglewood, Kaikoura, Kairanga,
Kiwitea, Lake, Mackenzie, Malvern, Manaia**, Manawatu,
Mangonui, Maniototo, Marlborough, Masterton, Matamata,
Mount Herbert, Ohinemuri, Opotiki, Oroua, Otamatea,
Otorohanga*, Oxford, Pahiatua, Paparua, Patea, Piako,
Pohangina, Raglan, Rangiora*, Rangitikei, Rodney, Rotorua*,
Runanga, Saint Kilda, Silverpeaks, Southland, Stewart
Island, Stratford, Strathallan, Taranaki, Taumarunui,
Taupo, Tauranga, Thames-Coromandel*, Tuapeka, Vincent,
Waiapu, Waiheke, Waihemo, Waikato, Waikohu, Waimairi,
Waimarino, Waimate, Waimate West, Waimea, Waipa, Waipawa*,
Waipukurau*, Wairarapa South, Wairewa, Wairoa, Waitaki,
Waitomo*, Waitotara, Wallace, Wanganui, Waverley**,
Westland, Whakatane*, Whangarei, Whangaroa, Woodville Dependent areas: Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau Independence: 26 September 1907 (from UK) National holiday: Waitangi Day, 6 February (1840) (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty) Constitution: no formal, written constitution; consists of various documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments; Constitution Act 1986 was to have come into force 1 January 1987, but has not been enacted Legal system: based on English law, with special land legislation and land courts for Maoris; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch:
Legislative branch:
unicameral House of Representativescommonly called
Parliament (120 seats; members elected by popular vote in
single-member constituencies to serve three-year terms) Judicial branch: High Court; Court of Appeal Political parties and leaders: National Party or NP [Jenny SHIPLEY]; New Zealand First Party or NZFP [Winston PETERS]; New Zealand Labor Party or NZLP (opposition) [Helen CLARK]; Alliance (a coalition of five small partiesNew Labor Party [Jim ANDERTON], Democratic Party [John WRIGHT], New Zealand Liberal Party [Frank GROVER], Green Party [coleaders Jeanette FITZSIMONS and Rod DONALD], and Mana Motuhake [Sandra LEE]); United New Zealand or UNZ [Peter DUNNE]; Conservative Party (formerly Right of Centre Party) [Trevor ROGERS]; ACT, New Zealand [Richard PREBBLE]; Christian Coalition (a coalition of the Christian Democrats and Christian Heritage Party) [Rev. Graham CAPILL]; Mauri Pacific Party (composed of members who broke away from the NZFP) [Tau HENARE] International organization participation: ANZUS (US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986), APEC, AsDB, Australia Group, C, CCC, CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, MONUA, MTCR, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, PCA, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMOP, UNOMSIL, UNPREDEP, UNTSO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO Diplomatic
representation in the US: Diplomatic
representation from the US: Flag description: blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation |
[Top] Economyoverview: Since 1984 the government has accomplished major economic restructuring, moving an agrarian economy dependent on a concessionary British market access toward a more industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. This dynamic growth has boosted real incomes, broadened and deepened the technological capabilities of the industrial sector, and contained inflationary pressures. Inflation remains among the lowest in the industrial world. Per capita GDP has been moving up toward the levels of the big West European economies. New Zealand's heavy dependence on trade leaves its growth prospects vulnerable to economic performance in Asia, Europe, and the US. The slump in demand in Asian markets largely explains the slight drop in GDP in 1998. GDP: purchasing power parity$61.1 billion (1998 est.) GDPreal growth rate: -0.2% (1998) GDPper capita: purchasing power parity$17,000 (1998 est.) GDPcomposition
by sector: Population below poverty line: NA% Household income or
consumption by percentage share: Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1.1% (1998) Labor force: 1.86 million (1998) Labor forceby occupation: services 65.1%, industry 25.1%, agriculture 9.8% (1995) Unemployment rate: 7.6% (1998) Budget: Industries: food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment, banking and insurance, tourism, mining Industrial production growth rate: NA% Electricityproduction: 35.534 billion kWh (1996) Electricityproduction
by source: Electricityconsumption: 35.534 billion kWh (1996) Electricityexports: 0 kWh (1996) Electricityimports: 0 kWh (1996) Agricultureproducts: wheat, barley, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables; wool, beef, dairy products; fish Exports: $12.9 billion (1998 est.) Exportscommodities: wool, lamb, mutton, beef, fish, cheese, chemicals, forestry products, fruits and vegetables, manufactures, dairy products, wood Exportspartners: Australia 20%, Japan 15%, US 10%, UK 6% (1997) Imports: $13 billion (1998 est.) Importscommodities: machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft, petroleum, consumer goods, plastics Importspartners: Australia 27%, US 19%, Japan 12%, UK 6% (1997) Debtexternal: $53.2 billion (March 1998) Economic aiddonor: ODA, $123 million (1995) Currency: 1 New Zealand dollar (NZ$) = 100 cents Exchange rates: New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$11.85 (February 1999), 1.8629 (1998), 1.5083 (1997), 1.4543 (1996), 1.5235 (1995), 1.6844 (1994) Fiscal year: 1 July30 June |
[Top] Telephones: 1.7 million (1986 est.) Telephone system:
excellent international and domestic systems Radio broadcast stations: AM 64, FM 2, shortwave 0 Radios: 3.215 million (1992 est.) Television broadcast stations: 41 (in addition, there are 52 medium-power repeaters and over 650 low-power repeaters) (1997) Televisions: 1.53 million (1992 est.) |
[Top] Railways: Highways: Waterways: 1,609 km; of little importance to transportation Pipelines: petroleum products 160 km; natural gas 1,000 km; liquefied petroleum gas or LPG 150 km Ports and harbors: Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Tauranga, Wellington Merchant marine: Airports: 111 (1998 est.) Airportswith
paved runways: Airportswith
unpaved runways: |
[Top] Military branches: New Zealand Army, Royal New Zealand Navy, Royal New Zealand Air Force Military manpowermilitary age: 20 years of age Military manpoweravailability:
Military manpowerfit
for military service: Military manpowerreaching
military age annually: Military expendituresdollar figure: $562 million (FY97/98) Military expenditurespercent of GDP: 1.05% (FY97/98) |
[Top] Disputesinternational:
territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency) |
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